Issues on Installing SQL Server 2005 on Windows 8

1. First of all, Microsoft does not recommend installing SQL Server 2005 on Windows 8 or 8.1. It's better to upgrade SQL Server 2005 to SQL Server 2008 and Upper. See below:

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2681562

2. But if you have to install SQL Server 2005 on Window 8, you can get it done with a workaround.

See below: http://www.eulogika.net/index.php/install-sql-2005-developer-on-windows-8/?lang=en 

More specifically,

1). You need to get sqlncli.msi or sqlncli_x64.msi in SQL Server 2005 SP4 (e.g., from another machine), and extract it.
2). Install sqlncli
3). Start SQL Server 2005 Setup
4). During setup you will receive an error: "The SQL Server service failed to start. For more information, see the SQL Server Books Online topics, “How to: View SQL Server 2005 Setup Log Files” and “Starting SQL Server Manually.”
5). Don’t click cancel yet. From an existing installation of SQL Server 2005 SP4 (from another machine such as Windows 7 or Windows Server 2008/R2), copy SQLSERVR.EXE and SQLOS.DLL files and put them in your SQL install folder.
6). Click RETRY

3. Installing SP4.
4. I tried to apply CU3 after SP4. Although the update works for other components such as SSAS, SSRS, and SSIS, Unfortunately it does not work for the database engine service. see below for details. 

(Update: It works today with a clean install on my new Win 8 machine! I have updated the Database Engine to 5266 without any errors - 2/14/2014)

http://www.sqldbadiaries.com/2010/07/15/how-to-resolve-missing-msi-or-msp-packages-during-sql-server-service-packs-hotfix-or-cumulative-updates/

1 首先,Microsoft不建议在Windows 88.1上安装SQL Server 2005 。最好是将SQL Server 2005升级到SQL Server 2008或更高的版本。
2 。但是,如果你非要在Win8上安装SQL Server 2005,可以根据以下步骤手动解决:
1)  下载2005SP4(32bit或64bit,与你的SQL Server 2005一致) 解压。
2)  从解压后的SP4中, 找到sqlncli.msi (在解压后的\hotfixsqlncli\files\sqlncli.msi )
3)  安装SQLNCLI(是SP4中的那个)
4)  现在开始安装SQL Server 2005
5)  在安装过程中,您将看到错误: SQL Server服务启动失败,有关详细信息,请参阅SQL Server联机丛书主题, ”如何查看SQL Server 2005安装日志文件“和”手动启动SQL Server
6)  不要单击取消。从另一台已成功安装SQL Server 2005 SP4的机器中(如另一台机器Windows 7Windows Server 2008/R2 ,找到并复制SQLSERVR.EXESQLOS.DLL 文件,并把它们放在你Win8SQL安装文件夹中(D:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL.1\MSSQL\Binn),选择取代。
7)  SQL Server 2005提示安装错误的页面,点击重试。此时应该可以继续了。
3 。立即安装SP4

4 。立即安装累积更新。目前最新更新是CU3,安装好后,你应该具有SQL Server 2005的最高版本9.0.5266